The Role of the Structural Model in Monument Value Preservation

Failure Mechanisms and Restoration Options from a Heritage Conservation Perspective

Abstract

The separation of engineering and architectural perspectives in the 20^th century led to the delegation of different aspects of building design to specialized professionals. Consequently, structural, architectural, and heritage preservation tasks were handled independently, creating diverse prioritization orders in the evaluation of the buildings. One of the greatest victims of this approach are heritage buildings, as less constructive collaborations can result in lasting damages, leading to the loss of certain values.
In heritage preservation projects the structural model is typically less regarded as a value, often leading to a reconstruction without consideration of the original state. This significantly impacts the timber roofs, which are one of the most vulnerable building structures and their deformations can affect the entire building, underscoring the critical importance of preserving the original structural model and raising awareness of its significance as a heritage value.
This research examines roof structure damages, their categorization from a structural perspective, and possible restoration options considering heritage preservation criteria. Through the examples presented, it becomes evident that the roof structures can only be understood as parts of a complex system. It also becomes apparent that due to this complexity, categorizing structural damages in heritage buildings does not help in making schematic solutions.
For every heritage building a thorough investigation and understanding of the historical structural model, the examination of building structures and their interconnections, and the preparation of a reconstruction plan are essential. This process must acknowledge that both the building and its structural model require a unique approach.